Rose Louis XIV

Old Chinese/Bengale rose 'Louis XIV' is one of the most enchanting roses, admired for its extraordinary colour and fragrance. Bred in 1859 by the respected French Guillot family, at a time when interest in Chinese roses was spreading across Europe. It was named in honour of the “Sun King”, the French monarch Louis XIV, whose reign symbolised grandeur and luxury.

Since then, this cultivar with dark purple blooms has remained popular, and although it is classified as a China rose, the exquisite flower form and captivating fragrance recall classic Tea roses. One of the deepest red, almost black roses, it is ideal for classical or romantic garden designs and pairs beautifully with lighter-toned plants that emphasise the depth and richness of its dark flowers; it is also excellent as a cut rose in dramatic and elegant floral arrangements. Immerse yourself in the realm of royal gardens with this refined, elegant historic rose!

The flowers are elegantly shaped, globular, medium-sized, about 6 - 8 cm in duameter, very double with 26 - 40 petals arranged in the characteristic China-rose style, displaying the richest, most intense blackish-purple shade imaginable, with black shadows between the petals and a velvety texture. Very fragrant, rich raspberry-purple blooms that darken with age and appear almost black, they open to reveal contrasting large golden stamens. A subtle variation from deep dark violet-red to striking near-black, between slightly darker outer petals and lighter inner petals, creates a captivating visual spectacle. One of the darkest of all roses, its colour is a deep red in wine or garnet tones, with velvety, almost black petals. In heat the blooms may droop and over time acquire a brownish-purple hue - such dark roses require protection from the hottest afternoon sun to prevent overly rapid scorching.

Rose 'Louis XIV' has delicate, classic fragrance, not overpowering but rich and elegant, reminiscent of Tea roses and enchanting to the senses. Flowering is abundant and continuous, in lush flushes throughout the summer.

This rose forms a small, compact, branching shrub of about 60 - 90 cm in height and width once mature and well-established; it is of a slender, low-growing habit, with not very dense, semi-glossy, rich green foliage and few prickles. The foliage is sparse, small, semi-matte, dark green, and crimson or red when young. It has a somewhat delicate growth and a certain grandeur, but its slow growth and tender nature are drawbacks; it is not known for robust health, though its flowers possess unique charm.

'Louis XIV' is susceptible to black spot and powdery mildew. A rather weak variety that requires careful maintenance, generous feeding, and watering to thrive, although it is not always responsive even to good care. Performs best in hot climates.

Winter hardiness is low. Recommended for climates similar to USDA zone 7b - 10b; it does not tolerate severe winters. In Ukraine it requires careful winter protection. Shade-tolerant. Prefers partial shade to prevent flower scorch from intense, burning sun. This very beautiful rose demands attention and care. Best suited to experienced gardeners and mild climates, as it grows well in warmth and is sensitive to hard frosts. Requires a sheltered, warm position in the garden.

Its compact, elegant bush form makes it ideal for borders, the front of flowerbeds, cosy garden corners, or container cultivation. It adapts well to use in hedges, borders, and pots. Pairs beautifully with companion plants:

 catmint (Nepeta) - its silvery foliage and soft blue flowers create an attractive contrast;

 lavender (Lavandula) - ideal for extending the fragrance, with purple hues that harmonise wonderfully;

 foxglove (Digitalis) - adds a vertical accent with tall spires that enhance the charm of your rose composition.

'Louis XIV' is not merely a floral accent but a splendid ornament that adds refinement to any garden. Its uniquely darkest-toned flowers and antique, timeless fragrance make it an ideal choice for garden plantings as well as for enchanting cut-flower arrangements. Despite potential health issues, with careful cultivation and in warm climates this rose can adorn the garden with stunning blooms throughout the season. Immerse yourself in the charm of this rose and create a garden that tells a complete story of elegance and beauty!

Named 'Louis XIV', it honours the "Sun King" or "Le Roi Soleil", the French monarch Louis XIV, whose reign symbolised grandeur and luxury.

Seedling of the cultivar ‘Général Jacqueminot’ (Hybrid Perpetual, by Roussel, 1853).

USDA 7