Rose Francis Dubreuil

Old Tea rose 'Francis Dubreuil', introduced in 1894 by the French breeder Francis Dubreuil, quickly caused a sensation at the turn of the century due to the extraordinary depth of its color. It remains one of the darkest Tea roses ever bred and among the most elegant. The long, classic conical buds open into velvety blooms so deep in tone that they may initially appear almost black. As the flower unfolds, the reverse of the petals reveals a slightly lighter shade, while the center shows richer red undertones, though the overall impression remains dark, crimson-burgundy and velvety.

The flowers are not large, double, and usually borne singly or in small clusters. They are cup-shaped, sometimes slightly incurved and sometimes bending on somewhat weak peduncles, causing them to bow down when fully open. The petals are thin and delicate, and the peduncles relatively weak, which enhances the graceful, nodding character of the blooms. The fragrance is moderate to light, with a subtle apple note.

Flowering occurs in flushes throughout the season, providing continuous blooming, though not in great abundance. The plants of this rose are erect and somewhat leggy, reaching approximately 70 - 120 cm (2.3 - 3.9 ft) in height, and may grow taller if planted against a wall or trellises. The growth habit is moderate rather than vigorous. The canes of this rose are slender, vertical, well-branched, and armed with prickles. Foliage is dark green, thin, slightly wavy, and susceptible to powdery mildew.

'Francis Dubreuil' tolerates poor soils and performs best in warm, dry weather. In extreme heat, however, the flowers may brown or dry at the edges. The winter hardiness is good for a Tea rose, it is suitable for growing in climates similar to USDA Zones 6b - 9b, with tolerance to frosts down to approximately –20°C (–4°F); winter protection is advisable in colder regions. Preventive treatment against powdery mildew is recommended, along with light pruning in early spring.

With its velvety purplish-crimson blooms emerging from elegant pointed buds, borne on a slender upright bush, 'Francis Dubreuil' adds classic refinement and dramatic contrast to historic and decorative gardens. Its timeless character continues to captivate enthusiasts of old roses.

The rose was named in honor of François Dubreuil, who introduced it. Originally a tailor, Dubreuil turned to rose breeding later in life. He was the son-in-law of Joseph Rambaux and the father-in-law of Antoine Meilland. His daughter later gave her name to the famous 20th-century rose 'Mme A. Meilland'.

Pierre Guillot believed that rose 'Francis Dubreuil' is a descendant of the rose variety 'Souvenir de David d’Angers'.

USDA 7